Struggles of ex-Bangladesh PM\u2019s govt to accommodate Rohingya refugees was subjected regular criticism by rights groups
\n Dhaka
\nRohingya refugees have endured years of misery and violence in Bangladesh but last month\u2019s overthrow of Sheikh Hasina, the country\u2019s autocratic ex-premier, has given them fresh hope for the future.
\nAround a million members of the stateless and persecuted Muslim minority live in a sprawling patchwork of Bangladeshi relief camps after fleeing violence in their homeland next door in Myanmar.
\nIn 2017, Hasina was lauded by the international community for opening the borders to around 750,000 Rohingya who fled a Myanmar military crackdown that is now the subject of a United Nations genocide investigation.
\nBut the years since have seen rampant malnutrition and regular gun battles in the camps, whose inhabitants hope that Hasina\u2019s ouster will bring renewed attention to their plight.
\n\u201cWe and our children live in fear at night because of the shootings,\u201d 42-year-old Shonjida, a Rohingya refugee who endured years of boredom, misery and violence in Bangladesh, told AFP.
\nShonjida teaches at one of a few informal learning centres established for school-aged children in her camp, giving her an unsettling insight into the manifold problems facing her community.
\nThe centres are able to cater to only a fraction of the camp\u2019s families, whose status as refugees shuts them out of Bangladeshi schools, universities and the local job market.
\nMany of her students are undernourished because declining international aid has forced successive ration cuts.
\nAnd they are terrified by the sound of rival militant groups battling for control of the camps, with more than 60 refugees killed in clashes so far this year, according to local media reports.
\n\u201cWe want peace and no more gunfire. We want our children to not be scared anymore,\u201d Shonjida said. \u201cNow that the new government is in power, we hope it will give us peace, support, food and safety.\u201d
\nYears of misery, violence
\nHasina was toppled last month in a student-led uprising that forced her to flee into exile in neighbouring India, moments before thousands of people stormed her palace in the capital Dhaka.
\nThe revolution brought down the curtain on a 15-year rule marred by extrajudicial killings of her opponents, press restrictions and crackdowns on civil society.
\nHer decision to welcome Rohingya fleeing Myanmar won her some diplomatic reprieve from Washington and other Western capitals, who otherwise issued regular rebukes on abuses committed during her tenure.
\nBut her government\u2019s struggles to accommodate the refugees in the following years were also the subject of regular criticism by rights groups.
\nIt relocated at least 36,000 Rohingya to the previously uninhabited and cyclone-prone island of Bhashan Char to ease overcrowding in the camps.
\nMany of those sent there said they were forced to go against their will, with one refugee describing their new home to Human Rights Watch as \u201can island jail in the middle of the sea\u201d.
\nThe desperate situation in the camps also prompted thousands to embark upon dangerous sea trips to find new refuge in Southeast Asian countries, with many drowning at sea.
\nRefugees refuse to return home
\nNobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus, who is leading an interim government ahead of fresh elections, began his tenure last month by promising to continue supporting the Rohingya.
\nMany refugees said they had been encouraged by the initial weeks of the 84-year-old\u2019s administration.
\n\u201cWe saw on Facebook and YouTube that many of our community leaders had spoken with them and met with them,\u201d community leader Hamid Hossain, 48, told AFP. \u201cI am more hopeful now.\u201d
\nBut Yunus also said that Bangladesh needed \u201cthe sustained efforts of the international community\u201d to look after the Rohingya.
\nThis week he travelled to the United States and lobbied for more foreign aid for the group, with the State Department announcing nearly $200 million in additional funding after Yunus sat for a private meeting with President Joe Biden.
\nYunus has also called for accelerated resettlement of Rohingya in third countries, with the prospect of refugees being safely returned to their original homes looking slimmer than ever.
\nThe Rohingya endured decades of discrimination in Myanmar, where successive governments classified them as illegal immigrants despite their long history in the country.
\nHasina\u2019s government and Myanmar made several abortive plans to establish a repatriation scheme, opposed by refugees who did not want to return home without guarantees of their safety and civic rights.
\nThe security situation has worsened dramatically since last year. Rohingya-majority communities in Myanmar have been the site of intense clashes between the military and a rebel army battling the country\u2019s junta.
\n\u201cThere are killings there,\u201d refugee Mohammad Johar, 42, told AFP. \u201cHow can we go back?\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Struggles of ex-Bangladesh PM\u2019s govt to accommodate Rohingya refugees was subjected regular criticism by rights groups Dhaka Rohingya refugees have endured years of misery and violence in Bangladesh but last month\u2019s overthrow of Sheikh Hasina, the country\u2019s autocratic ex-premier, has given them fresh hope for the future. Around a million members of the stateless and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":433748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-433728","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-world"},"yoast_head":"\n